| Characteristic | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ages 2–17 | |||||||||||
| Total | 72.7 | 73.5 | 72.6 | 74.1 | 73.3 | 74.2 | 75.0 | 76.4 | 76.2 | 75.7 | 76.7 |
| Poverty statusa | |||||||||||
| Below 100% poverty | 62.0 | 63.5 | 58.4 | 62.4 | 61.3 | 64.4 | 65.8 | 65.5 | 66.2 | 67.5 | 67.3 |
| 100–199% poverty | 62.5 | 62.2 | 62.9 | 66.1 | 64.1 | 66.9 | 66.6 | 69.0 | 68.6 | 68.4 | 70.2 |
| 200% poverty or above | 80.1 | 80.6 | 79.8 | 80.2 | 79.7 | 79.6 | 80.8 | 82.2 | 82.0 | 81.5 | 82.0 |
| Type of insuranceb | |||||||||||
| Private insurancec | 78.5 | 78.7 | 78.4 | 79.8 | 79.1 | 80.0 | 80.1 | 82.2 | 82.1 | 82.4 | 82.2 |
| Public insurancec,d | 69.6 | 68.5 | 65.3 | 68.6 | 66.3 | 68.6 | 71.0 | 71.1 | 71.4 | 71.2 | 72.7 |
| No insurance | 46.7 | 49.2 | 46.9 | 50.6 | 49.2 | 50.2 | 51.0 | 49.0 | 49.5 | 48.8 | 51.9 |
| Race or Hispanic origine | |||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 76.4 | 77.1 | 77.0 | 78.9 | 78.0 | 79.4 | 79.4 | 80.9 | 80.4 | 79.6 | 79.5 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 68.8 | 69.8 | 67.7 | 70.0 | 68.0 | 68.6 | 70.6 | 72.9 | 72.7 | 72.4 | 75.0 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 66.8 | 72.6 | 58.2 | 71.3 | 73.1 | 66.6 | 69.9 | 70.3 | 74.8 | 72.0 | 85.4 |
| Asian | 69.9 | 67.9 | 69.6 | 72.8 | 74.6 | 66.8 | 72.9 | 73.8 | 70.1 | 75.5 | 70.7 |
| Two or more races | — | — | 73.0 | 71.4 | 69.3 | 71.4 | 74.5 | 78.0 | 78.1 | 78.1 | 75.3 |
| Hispanic | 61.0 | 62.4 | 59.3 | 60.6 | 60.7 | 62.5 | 64.5 | 65.3 | 66.5 | 66.3 | 71.2 |
| Ages 2–5 | |||||||||||
| Total | 52.5 | 51.0 | 48.4 | 51.9 | 51.9 | 49.3 | 54.1 | 53.7 | 55.1 | 52.8 | 55.8 |
| Poverty statusa | |||||||||||
| Below 100% poverty | 51.7 | 51.3 | 40.8 | 53.1 | 47.6 | 47.5 | 51.5 | 49.7 | 50.0 | 49.7 | 51.9 |
| 100-199% poverty | 46.7 | 41.6 | 46.9 | 48.7 | 45.0 | 42.4 | 49.1 | 50.1 | 48.9 | 47.5 | 54.0 |
| 200% poverty or above | 55.2 | 54.6 | 51.5 | 52.7 | 55.9 | 52.6 | 57.2 | 56.5 | 59.2 | 56.3 | 58.2 |
| Type of insuranceb | |||||||||||
| Private insurancec | 55.3 | 53.5 | 51.3 | 54.0 | 55.0 | 52.9 | 54.2 | 57.4 | 59.2 | 57.2 | 57.6 |
| Public insurance,c,d | 54.6 | 52.3 | 49.0 | 53.1 | 49.6 | 49.6 | 54.9 | 53.1 | 52.0 | 52.2 | 56.6 |
| No insurance | 35.1 | 34.0 | 31.5 | 39.9 | 37.3 | 27.2 | 48.1 | 29.3 | 36.3 | 28.3 | 40.0 |
| Race or Hispanic origine | |||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 53.3 | 51.5 | 50.1 | 54.0 | 55.0 | 51.4 | 55.7 | 55.6 | 56.8 | 53.5 | 55.3 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 55.2 | 54.0 | 49.7 | 50.6 | 50.4 | 47.4 | 53.9 | 47.8 | 55.8 | 46.9 | 59.3 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 56.3 | 47.8 | 49.8 | 65.9 | 42.5 | 42.5 | 56.5 | 53.2 | 65.9 | * | 65.0 |
| Asian | 51.5 | 50.6 | 40.4 | 46.9 | 48.3 | 41.5 | 44.6 | 51.9 | 45.5 | 54.4 | 45.3 |
| Two or more races | — | — | 56.6 | 60.4 | 46.9 | 58.9 | 59.5 | 60.4 | 57.9 | 63.3 | 59.6 |
| Hispanic | 48.1 | 48.9 | 41.2 | 44.9 | 44.9 | 44.6 | 49.2 | 51.8 | 50.3 | 52.4 | 56.6 |
| Ages 6–11 | |||||||||||
| Total | 81.7 | 81.8 | 81.7 | 82.2 | 80.6 | 83.7 | 82.3 | 85.2 | 84.6 | 83.9 | 85.2 |
| Poverty statusa | |||||||||||
| Below 100% poverty | 71.0 | 71.0 | 67.4 | 68.6 | 67.6 | 73.4 | 73.0 | 74.4 | 74.7 | 74.4 | 78.2 |
| 100-199% poverty | 72.2 | 70.0 | 70.2 | 74.7 | 71.4 | 78.1 | 74.2 | 77.6 | 76.9 | 76.5 | 79.2 |
| 200% poverty or above | 89.2 | 89.4 | 89.5 | 88.9 | 87.5 | 88.9 | 88.4 | 91.2 | 90.4 | 90.4 | 89.6 |
| Type of insuranceb | |||||||||||
| Private insurancec | 87.2 | 86.6 | 87.9 | 87.8 | 86.5 | 89.1 | 87.5 | 90.3 | 89.5 | 90.6 | 90.1 |
| Public insurancec,d | 79.5 | 77.7 | 71.4 | 76.0 | 75.3 | 78.2 | 79.3 | 81.6 | 81.3 | 79.1 | 82.2 |
| No insurance | 56.4 | 59.0 | 57.3 | 60.1 | 52.2 | 61.6 | 57.2 | 58.4 | 60.6 | 56.9 | 60.0 |
| Race or Hispanic origine | |||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 85.2 | 85.5 | 86.8 | 87.0 | 84.9 | 89.1 | 86.6 | 89.8 | 88.0 | 88.4 | 87.3 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 78.7 | 77.8 | 75.0 | 79.0 | 73.4 | 79.5 | 77.4 | 83.0 | 80.8 | 79.8 | 85.0 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 73.7 | 88.3 | 71.2 | 78.4 | 80.5 | 73.0 | 70.0 | 85.0 | 80.4 | 83.1 | 96.3 |
| Asian | 77.8 | 76.8 | 77.8 | 88.1 | 87.0 | 78.2 | 83.3 | 86.7 | 81.9 | 85.3 | 83.2 |
| Two or more races | — | — | 79.8 | 80.7 | 84.2 | 76.2 | 87.1 | 84.6 | 87.2 | 83.1 | 77.6 |
| Hispanic | 70.3 | 70.3 | 67.2 | 67.2 | 70.2 | 71.8 | 72.6 | 72.2 | 76.3 | 74.2 | 80.2 |
| Ages 12–17 | |||||||||||
| Total | 77.4 | 79.8 | 78.6 | 80.2 | 79.7 | 80.7 | 81.4 | 82.4 | 81.6 | 82.8 | 82.5 |
| Poverty statusa | |||||||||||
| Below 100% poverty | 61.0 | 65.9 | 62.5 | 62.7 | 64.4 | 66.7 | 68.7 | 69.0 | 70.1 | 75.7 | 69.4 |
| 100–199% poverty | 62.9 | 68.1 | 66.3 | 68.3 | 70.6 | 72.0 | 72.3 | 73.3 | 73.1 | 74.0 | 73.1 |
| 200% poverty or above | 86.6 | 87.4 | 86.7 | 88.2 | 86.4 | 86.8 | 87.4 | 88.9 | 87.4 | 88.1 | 89.2 |
| Type of insuranceb | |||||||||||
| Private insurancec | 84.0 | 86.0 | 84.9 | 87.2 | 86.4 | 86.8 | 88.3 | 89.0 | 87.8 | 89.5 | 89.7 |
| Public insurancec,d | 74.6 | 74.7 | 74.1 | 74.1 | 70.4 | 73.5 | 76.6 | 75.7 | 78.3 | 80.0 | 77.2 |
| No insurance | 44.6 | 49.1 | 45.6 | 47.3 | 53.2 | 53.5 | 46.9 | 50.6 | 47.4 | 51.2 | 50.3 |
| Race or Hispanic origine | |||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 82.6 | 84.9 | 83.5 | 85.8 | 85.2 | 86.6 | 87.1 | 87.7 | 87.1 | 87.5 | 87.2 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 67.6 | 71.5 | 70.7 | 72.4 | 73.0 | 70.9 | 73.6 | 78.1 | 76.3 | 80.6 | 76.5 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 68.7 | 70.2 | 55.4 | 69.0 | 81.0 | 78.1 | 77.1 | 67.0 | 76.1 | 72.5 | 87.4 |
| Asian | 74.6 | 72.5 | 78.9 | 78.6 | 81.5 | 74.5 | 81.7 | 75.8 | 71.7 | 81.8 | 78.8 |
| Two or more races | — | — | 81.2 | 71.5 | 74.8 | 82.1 | 76.5 | 86.4 | 82.2 | 85.5 | 84.2 |
| Hispanic | 62.3 | 65.3 | 65.1 | 65.5 | 63.2 | 65.7 | 67.7 | 68.9 | 69.1 | 69.1 | 72.9 |
| — Not available. | |||||||||||
| * Estimates are considered unreliable (relative standard error greater than 30 percent). | |||||||||||
| a Family income was imputed for data years 1997 and beyond. Missing family income data were imputed for 22–31 percent of children ages 2–17 in 1997–2007. | |||||||||||
| b Children with health insurance may or may not have dental coverage. | |||||||||||
| c Children with both public and private insurance coverage are placed in the private insurance category. | |||||||||||
| d As defined here, public health insurance for children consists mostly of Medicaid or other public assistance programs, including state plans. Beginning in 1999, the public health insurance category also includes the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). It does not include children with only Medicare, Tricare, or CHAMP-VA. | |||||||||||
| e For the 1997–1998 race-specific estimates, the 1977 OMB Standards for Data on Race and Ethnicity were used to classify persons into one of the following four racial groups: White, Black, American Indian or Alaskan Native, or Asian or Pacific Islander. The revised 1997 OMB standards for race were used for the 1999–2007 race-specific estimates and classified persons into one or more of five racial groups: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Data on race and Hispanic origin are collected separately but are combined for reporting. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Totals include data for racial and ethnic groups not shown separately. Data from 1999 onward are not directly comparable with data from earlier years. | |||||||||||
| NOTE: From 1997–2000, children were identified as having a dental visit in the past year by asking parents "About how long has it been since your child last saw or talked to a dentist?" In 2001 and later years, the question was "About how long has it been since your child last saw a dentist?" Parents were directed to include all types of dentists, such as orthodontists, oral surgeons, and all other dental specialists, as well as dental hygienists. | |||||||||||
| SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey. | |||||||||||
